Budget vs Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (CAFR) Essay

Budget vs Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (CAFR) - Essay Example The budget portion within the CAFR comprises of what was predicted and even what actually happened in terms of monetary expenditure and income. The CAFR even comprises of investments that the government has made and these investments are details in different categories and it even comprises of the ending balance of investments that occurred in prior years. On the other hand a budget can be regarded as a map created by the government and this map comprises of spending that might be made by different governmental organizations over a particular year (Hou, 2013). It comprises of both revenues as well as the expenditure that different governmental units such as schools, defense services and other units spend and collect over a particular year. These budgets are created while keeping in mind the spending and revenues that were disbursed and collected by the governmental agencies in prior

Putting a Stop to Film Piracy Essay Example for Free

Putting a Stop to Film Piracy Essay Film piracy is one of the most lucrative forms of intellectual property theft in the United States and in the rest of the world. Movies are illegally copied, reproduced, and mass distributed in different ways such as in replicated DVDs or through the Internet for financial gains. Piracy is an act of stealing and it â€Å"includes the unauthorized copying, distribution, performance or other use of copyrighted materials† such as movies and television shows (Motion Picture Association of America). These practices result to negative impacts on consumers, the film industry, and to the whole economy. No matter how enticing are the reasons why people support pirated movies, film piracy remains to be a punishable crime for it is equal to stealing the properties and hard work of other people. Therefore, people who produce and distribute pirated movies for illegal purposes should face the consequences of their actions. Reasons Why People Engage in this Crime There are several ways how to pirate films. These movies are produced either by recording inside the theater, post-production leaks or leaks from an awards screener, stealing film print, stealing legitimate DVD prior to official date of release, or by ripping a legitimate DVD of any protective code (Treverton 37). These stolen copies of the movies are then burned or replicated in more DVDs or uploaded in the Internet without the consent of their original owners and then sold at cheaper prices or distributed for free. Despite being prohibited by law, film piracy is hard to control because many people instantly benefit from it. The people behind the business earn a lot from pirated movies because they do not have to buy the copyrights of the movies or pay royalties. Despite having lower qualities at times, buying pirated movies appeals to consumers because they can get films for free or for a very cheap price. â€Å"The low prices of pirated films compared with the legal ones make the former very attractive to buyers† (Treverton 31). Consumers who have limited budgets would prefer to buy pirated movies or download illegally from the Internet than to spend the money in cinemas. But these are only temporary benefits and in the bigger picture, film piracy causes more harm than good results. How Film Piracy Harms Pirated movies gain support from those who see them as answers to financial burdens. But many people remain unaware of the how movie piracy actually contributes to the sufferings of the whole country’s economy and film industry. These people do not recognize the importance of not supporting the products of piracy. The economy loses a lot of money annually because of the organized crime of intellectual property theft. Each year, â€Å"motion picture piracy costs the U. S. economy more than $20 billion† and because of the illegal reproduction of films, lesser income is earned by the movies and lesser money is contributed by the movie industry to the country’s economy (Grover and Shields). Piracy is also one of the biggest threats to film and music industry. The whole entertainment industry suffers from this crime. â€Å"The global film industry creates more jobs, more entertainment choices and more opportunities for the creative professions† and because of piracy, lesser opportunities are given to film production because budgets for discovering new talents, artists, directors, and production staffs are limited and restrained by the lack of budget (MPAA). There is a big possibility for the value of film making to decline and maybe even completely crash. Consumers will also suffer then because, aside from getting little for the money they invest in illegal products, they are also contributing to the wealth of people who have not really worked hard for the film. When the movie industry loses money to piracy, the costs produce quality and meaningful films and shows also become more expensive. Punishments and Consequences Piracy equals theft. Therefore, it is important to have laws created to protect the copyrights of films and television shows. â€Å"These laws help safeguard the creative works that support the livelihoods of the 2. 4 million Americans who work† together to create quality films for the entertainment of consumers (MPAA). The enforcement of laws makes copyrighted movies valuable and pirating these products makes them known as stolen properties. Many critics of the anti-piracy law and other laws related to copyright violations believe that the anti-piracy bill has harsh repercussions. Critics of anti-piracy laws believe that the punishments for acts related to piracy are too severe at times because lengthy prison terms and huge fines await those who will be caught involved in movie piracy. â€Å"First-time violators can be sentenced to up to five years in prison if the camcording was committed for financial gain or commercial advantage and fined up to $250,000† (MPAA). Critics say that there should be a limitation for the consequences of reproducing materials such as films. But for the industries that are affected by this crime, they need greater enforcement of laws because their lost sales continue increasing as consumers retain access to free music and movies on the Internet (Grover and Shields). Conclusion Reproducing copyrighted materials such as films are prohibited by laws. Piracy is a form of theft and many people profit a lot from stolen works. It has become a problematic dent in the film industry because movie outfits are hurt by this illegal act. Apprehenders are not easily caught and are not always given their rightful punishments. Purchasing pirated movies or getting them illegally from the Internet may seem like a mild offense for an ordinary person. But if this crime is done in volume, the negative consequences of movie piracy are proven to be detrimental to those who are part of the industry of film making because the act already translates into theft and a violation of another person’s rights. Works Cited Grover, Ronald and Shields, Todd. â€Å"Movie-Piracy Websites Shut Down by Raids. † 30 June 2010. Web. 23. Aug. 2010. Retrieved from http://www. bloomberg. com/news/2010-06-30/movie-piracy-web-sites-shut-down-in-coordinated-raids-by-u-s-officials. html. Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA). Frequently Asked Questions. 2010. Web. 23 Aug. 2010. Retrieved from http://www. mpaa. org/contentprotection/faq. Treverton, Gregory F. â€Å"Chapter Three: The Shape of Counterfeiting and the Example of Film Piracy. † Film Piracy, Organized Crime, and Terrorism. California: RAND Corporation, 2009. Print. Pp. 27- 38.

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Early life and military career[edit] Born in Tampa, Florida, Kittinger was educated at the Bolles School in Jacksonville, Florida, and the University of Florida. After racing speedboats as a teenager, he entered the U.S. Air Force in March 1949. On completion of aviation cadet training in March 1950, he received a USAF Pilot rating and a commission as a Second Lieutenant. He was subsequently assigned to the 86th Fighter-Bomber Wing based at Ramstein Air Base in West Germany, flying the F-84 Thunderjet and F-86 Sabre. In 1954 Kittinger was transferred to Holloman AFB, New Mexico, and the Air Force Missile Development Center (AFMDC). He flew the observation/chase plane that monitored flight surgeon Colonel John Stapp's rocket sled run of 632 mph (1,017 km/h) in 1955. Kittinger was impressed by Stapp's dedication and leadership as a pioneer in aerospace medicine. Stapp, in turn, was impressed with Kittinger's skillful jet piloting, later recommending him for space-related aviation research work. Stapp was to foster the high-altitude balloon tests that would later lead to Kittinger's record-setting leap from over 102,800 feet (31,300 m). In 1957, as part of Project Manhigh, Kittinger set an interim balloon altitude record of 96,760 feet (29,490 m) in Manhigh I, for which he was awarded his first Distinguished Flying Cross. Project Excelsior[edit] Kittinger next to the Excelsior gondola Main article: Project Excelsior Captain Kittinger was next assigned to the Aerospace Medical Research Laboratories at Wright-Patterson AFB in Dayton, Ohio. For Project Excelsior (meaning "ever upward"), a name given to the project by Colonel Stapp as part of research into high altitude bailouts,[2][3] he made a series of three extreme altitude parac... ...4-mph wind blowing on you. I could only hear myself breathing in the helmet."[12] Kittinger set historical numbers for highest balloon ascent, highest parachute jump, longest drogue-fall (four minutes), and fastest speed by a human being through the atmosphere.[13] These were the USAF records, but were not submitted for aerospace world records to the Fà ©dà ©ration Aà ©ronautique Internationale (FAI).[14] Kittinger's records for the highest ascent, highest parachute jump, and fastest velocity stood for 52 years, until they were broken in 2012 by Felix Baumgartner. For this series of jumps, Kittinger was decorated with a second Distinguished Flying Cross, and he was awarded the Harmon Trophy by President Dwight D. Eisenhower.[15] The Stargazer gondola on display at the National Museum of the U.S. Air Force at Wright-Patterson AFB in Dayton, Ohio. Project Stargazer[edit]

Globalisation

Globalization is basically the operation, integration, and competitiveness of organizations in the economy on a worldwide scale. Rather than being nationally confined, the activities of these organizations are more self-governing. Globalization affects the nature of business ethics and social obligations. As large organizations embrace a more global viewpoint, it shall have an important impact on the wider setting of organizational behavior and management (Mulling and Christy, 2013: 22). Globalization has been made possible by various factors.The first factor is the improvement of technology when it comes to telecommunication and transportation. In the past, it was not possible for individuals from all over the world to interact and communicate without facing difficulties. Today, a text message, phone, or a video conference call can be used easily for people to communicate with each other. Apart from that, anyone who has the funds could book a flight and get to any destination in jus t a couple of hours. The second factor is the movement of capital and people.The increase in transportation technology, opportunities, and awareness has enabled individuals to ravel around the world in order to look for a new Job, a new home, or to escape from a place that is of danger. Most migrations take place in countries that are developing as lower living standards and lesser wages drive people to move to places where there is a higher chance of economic improvement. Capital on the other hand, is transferred electronically on a global scale and this leads to an increase in opportunities for investment.Due to the vast room for growth, investors often place their capital in developing countries. The next factor is the spreading out of knowledge. It does not remain a secret for Eng when a new way of doing something or a new invention comes up. An example of this is the arrival of automotive machines used for farming in Southeast Asia, where they used manual agricultural labor for a long time. The last factor is the existence of non-governmental organizations (Nags) and multinational corporations.Since the awareness of certain issues has increased globally, the numbers of organizations that are aimed to deal with them have increased as well. These non-governmental organizations bring individuals that are not affiliated with the government and enable a national or global focus. As all the Mounties are interconnected through the increase in transportation and communication, they form a ‘market'. This means that a certain population represents more individuals to purchase a certain service or product.As more markets open up, individuals from all over the world come together to create multinational corporations so that they have access to these new markets. Apart from that, businesses are getting globalizes as foreign workers compared to domestic workers can do certain Jobs for a much lesser cost. This is referred to as outsourcing. Globalization eases bor ders as they become less significant since countries depend n each other to flourish (Sties, 2014). Three types of strategies have been used by organizations in order to become global which is the multinational, global, and global strategy (Harding, 2002).In organizations that adopt the multinational strategy, they compete on a national level that adapts to the policies and products of the local markets. According to this strategy, organizations invest away from their national platform (Chattels, 2000) but carry out their activities according to the local markets of different countries. These organizations are labeled as a regionalisms network with comparatively self-governed rims attending local markets (Harding, 2002). In the global strategy, organizations provide, source, access knowledge and sell around the world.The products are custom-made for the world market. These organizations pursue the economies of scale and scope, and carry out their activities as if the world were a si ngle entity (Sevenths, 2001 : 7). This shows that there is an emphasis on the standardization of activities in markets globally (Sevenths, 2001 ; Lloyd, 1996). The global strategy is built on a balance between adoption and standardization of activities in the local markets. Therefore this strategy is a combination of the local, multinational, and global approach.Globalization is a good basis to new organizational paths in order to reach world markets. These world markets are built on organizations that attend the regional, multiple domestic, and global markets (Sevenths, 2001 ; Reversions, 1997). Nikkei brings together many parts of the world. Nine's headquarters and most of its research are conducted in Beaverton, Oregon, which is in the USA. The rubber that is used for its trainers is from Indonesia and Malaysia, and the cotton used is from India, Turkey, and the USA.Its products are produced in China, Indonesia, Pakistan, Vietnam, and the Philippines, as the cost of labor is chea per there. Most of Nine's factories are situated in South East Asia due to the fact that labor is cheap, every country that is involved offers numerous governmental incentives so that Nikkei chooses them over other countries, the countries are situated closely together which reduces the cost of transportation, raw materials are cultivated in these countries, and products can be shipped between these countries without encountering costs for import and export as they are in a trade bloc (Hubcap's, 2013).McDonald's was formed in San Bernardino, California, in 1940 and currently operates in 119 countries all over the world, with more than 33,500 stores. Its main impact on these countries is that it has introduced the Western culture. McDonald's was introduced in America and has spread worldwide and in this, brought new diets that were not seen formerly in other countries. When another culture in introduced, it could lead to the loss of certain traditions. For McDonald's, the fast food i ntroduction caused the decline of traditional food. Nevertheless, McDonald's takes national tastes into consideration.This process is called Globalization (Phoebe, 2013). For example, beef is not served in India as the cow is considered as a sacred animal and vegetarian options are made available as a large number or the citizens are vegetarians. Coca-cola started globalization in the early sass's and started forming plants and relationships throughout the world. Local partnerships and branches started distributing and producing signature Coca-cola products that were recognized worldwide. In order to globalize the company successfully, Coca-cola's strategies of marketing played an important part.Their marketing strategies included well-known lagans of advertisement and memorable tunes. Apart from their efforts of advertisement, Coca-cola is the commercial sponsor of various sporting events such as the Olympic Games, the International Federation of Association Football (FIFE), Nation al Basketball Association (NAB), and the Cricket World Cup (Sailor Foundation, 2012). Globalization has benefited the world in various ways. Firstly it has accelerated the growth of the economy and increased living standards.Apart from that, globalization has increased the income and offered more choices of services and products that lowered in price. Furthermore, it leads to an increase in wages and employment, and aids in improving the conditions of work and defends the rights of the workers (Patterson and Weidman, 2001). For example, in Nikkei, over 800 factories in 50 countries employ 600,000 workers. The manufacturing process aids in the economic and social development of countries through the transferring of technology, skills, and the increase in wages. This leads to improvement in the standards of living.Also, Nikkei provides better communications and infrastructure and creates a workforce that is skilled and experienced. This leads o other countries investing in the country (Hubcap's, 2013). McDonald's on the other hand has formed charities that offer support and help to families that had sick children. With the money that was collected, they managed to make 400 rooms for these families for every night throughout the year. McDonald's also hires more than 1. 7 million employees, trains them and offer them an opportunity to gain qualifications up till their foundation degrees.Lastly, McDonald's reduces their impact to the environment by recycling all the cardboard they use in their packaging and by collecting and reusing their cooking oil as bio-diesel to be seed as power for the McDonald's Delivery fleet (Phoebe, 2013). However, globalization also has its disadvantages. It brings about poverty and financial crisis due to corporate greed and leads to the widening of the income gap globally. Apart from that, developed countries tend to ship Jobs overseas to factories that provide low wages and deprived work conditions, abusing the rights of workers.Lastl y, in the quest of achieving corporate profit, local environments tend to be exploited (Patterson and Weidman, 2001). For example, when Nikkei shifted away from Jakarta in Indonesia, it brought about a gig rate of unemployment and a decrease in living standards due to the fact that Jakarta had become dependent economically on Nikkei. This relocation also affected small local companies that relied on the employers of Nikkei to use the services they provided or to buy their products and also farmers who relied on Nikkei to purchase their raw materials.Apart from that, Nikkei has been blamed of forcing their workers to work long hours and hiring children in their workforce, which exploited the safety and health regulations (Hubcap's, 2013). As for McDonald's, its expansion has led to a rise in the rate of obesity in various Mounties due to the promotion of its fast food' culture. Accusations were also made that swear shop labor was practiced in the McDonald's factories that created â⠂¬ËœHappy Meal' toys in Sheehan.McDonald's has also allegedly used Soya beans that grew in deforested areas that were illegal, as food for the chickens that were served as Chicken Nuggets (Phoebe, 2013). The last example is the Coca-Cola company. Numerous countries have banned Coca- Cola products as they were claimed to threaten the health of the public and to encourage obesity. Apart from that, the Coca-Cola company has received several Barbour practice suits, being accused of having child labor sweatshops and discriminating when it came to providing workers with health care benefits (Sailor Foundation, 2012). Globalisation What are the main indicators of globalization and to what extent do they relate to your chosen organization and or industry sector. Globalization has become a trend of the world in many aspects. As a result different economies in the world are integrated together. The main indicators of globalization are decline in barriers to trade and investment. The Export Processing Zone (EPZ) of Mauritius accounts for 70% of the country’s export. Mauritius growth is attributed to the penetration of the EU market under the Small Island Provisions and the US market through the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA), where quota free and duty free market were made accessible to textile exports. The government has played an important role to act as a facilitator by investing in human capital to work in the textile industries. The leather industry is a priority for investment and opportunities exist for the manufacturing of leather and leather products including footwear, travel goods, leather garments mainly for exports. Foreign Direct Investment in textile manufacturing is likely to continue as Mauritius seeks to develop a vertically integrated and hence more competitive textile industry. Mauritius is also emphasizing on diversifying its economy away from textile sector into luxury real estate property sector. It aims at opening the property market to wealthy foreign investors who can obtain residency status and various tax benefits. Mauritius sees Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) growing by 8% by the end of 2011. Mauritius owes its increased economic growth to a large extent to globalization due to various advantages like free trade and market created to export goods where it has been able to exploit its comparative advantage in terms of lower cost and raw materials and political stability. Globalisation question (1) part -1- what is globalisation? Discuss the advantages and the disadvantages of globalisation? When we mention the word Globalisation what do we mean by it and what we understand? An early depiction of globalisation was penned by the American entrepreneur-turned-minister Charles Taze Russell who begat the term ‘corporate giants' in 1897, granted that it was not until the 1960s that the term started to be substantially utilized by economists and other social researchers. The term has since then attained boundless utilize as a part of the mainstream press by the later large part of the 1980s.Since its origin, the idea of globalisation has motivated various contending definitions and elucidations for instance, as a name for the methodology of expanding the connectivity and relationship of the planet's business sectors and organizations? This technique has speeded up incredibly in the most recent two decades as innovative developments make it simpler for individuals to voyage, impart, and work together globally. And also is the Process of amplifying social relations crosswise over planet space? Such developments come up from the developments of individuals, things and plans.It can't be demarcated as far as internationalization or reconciliation as certain theorists have prescribed, however the aforementioned infrastructures may be a result of globalisation, Globalisation depicts the transaction crosswise over societies of macro-social powers. The aforementioned strengths incorporate religion, governmental issues, and matters in profit making. Globalisation effected many different aspects in our life creating it is own advantages along with the disadvantages, coming up the advantages of globalisation.Employment- Recognized as a standout amongst the most critical advantages, globalisation has expedited the generation of various employment opportunities. Associations are moving towards the advancing nations to get labour power. This evidently indulg es employment and earnings generation to the individuals in the host nation. Likewise, the relocation of individuals, which has gotten simpler, has prompted better works opportunities. Education- an extremely basic advantage that has helped the populace is the spread of education.With various educational organisations around the world, one can move out from the home nation for better chances somewhere else. Consequently, mixing with diverse societies, gathering and gaining experience from different individuals through the medium of instruction is everything because of globalisation. Advancing nations or labour-serious nations have profited the most. Product Quality- The onset of global trade has given ascent to powerful rivalry in the markets. No longer does one find set number of wares available. A specific item might get many alternatives with distinctive costs.The feature value has been upgraded in order to hold the customers. Today the customers may bargain with the value extent yet not with the quality of the item. Level or oppressed value can conflictingly influence shopper fulfilment. Free Movement of Capital- Capital, the spine of each economy, is of prime criticalness for the best possible working of the economy. Today, transferring cash through banks is conceivable simply by the click of a catch, all because of the electronic transfer that has made life exceptionally agreeable.Numerous colossal firms are investing in the advancing nations by setting up industrial units outside their home nation. This accelerates Foreign Direct Investment, which assists in advertising economic development in the host country. Communication- Information technology has played an indispensable part in accumulating the nation’s closer terms of communication. Each and every information is effectively approachable from generally each corner of the planet. Dissemination of information is no longer a dull undertaking, and can happen in seconds.The Internet has fundamen tally influenced the worldwide economy, subsequently giving steer access to information and items or product. GDP Increase- Gross Domestic Product, generally recognised as GDP, is the cash value of the last services and goods inside the domesticated domain of the nation throughout an accounting year. As the market has expanded, the demand and scope for a feature has expanded. Makers familiarise their items and fixes consistent with the prerequisites of different economies in this way tapping the untapped markets.Accordingly, the final result regarding budgetary addition improves the GDP of the nation. Provided that statistics are of any sign, the GDP of the advancing nations has expanded twice to the extent that heretofore. Coming up, some of the disadvantages of globalisation as well. Loss of Culture-Provincially, people of a specific nation take after its culture and traditions from time immemorial. With huge number of people moving into and out of a nation, the culture takes a re arward sitting arrangement. People might adapt to the culture of the occupant nation.Therefore people tend to follow foreign culture instead their own, disregarding their particular roots. This can give ascent to culture conflicts. Environment Degradation- The industrial revolution has modified the viewpoint of the economy. Industries are utilizing natural resources by method of mining, penetrating, and so on, which puts a load on nature. Natural resources are draining and are on the borderline of coming to be terminated. Deforestation is worked on owing to the non-availability of area, subsequently radically lessening the forest front.This in turn makes unevenness in the earth prompting environmental change and event of natural catastrophes. Conflicts-Each economy needs to be at the top spot and be the guider. The quick-paced economies that are the advanced nations are vying to be the inimitable force. It has given ascent to terrorism and different types of savagery. Such acts not just aim misfortune of human life and yet colossal economic misfortunes. Monopoly- Monopoly is a scenario wherein one singular producer has a state in a specific product or products.It is conceivable that when a product is the leader in its field, the association may start to adventure the purchasers. As there exists no nearby contenders, the guide profits from the deal of its product, which might later prompt illicit and unscrupulous practices on being emulated. Monopoly is disastrous as it extends the crevice between the advanced and advancing nations. Health Issues- Globalization has given ascent to additional health dangers and presents new challenges and threats for plagues. An extremely standard sample is the dawn of HIV/AIDS.Having its source in the wilderness of Africa, the infection has spread like rapidly spreading conflagration all through the globe quickly. Food things are additionally transported to different nations, and this is a matter of concern, in particular in th e event of perishable things. The security regulations and the gauges of food preparation are distinctive in diverse nations, which might represent an extraordinary hazard to potential health risks. And so on there are more of the advantages and the disadvantages of Globalisation, effected as in our everyday lives. question (1) part -2-How might the internet and the associated World Wide Web AFFECT INTERNATIONAL business activity and the globalisation of the world economy? The Internet revolution a few years ago there were some individuals who thought the Internet was a craze. Those days are doubtlessly over. Individuals who opposed the ascent of innovation have long been left in the dust keeping in mind the end goal to clear a path for the ascent of more propelled masses. The aforementioned are the individuals who comprehended the force of the Internet and they knew how it could take their businesses to an entire new level.This was a brief introduction about the starting of the int ernet revolution. Therefore the internet now has a huge effectiveness in the international business activities. In general, the internet made the movement of the businesses internationally essayer. Following, some examples of businesses such as: From Local to Global- The situation when an association sets up an online site and markets it legitimately, abruptly it is opening up a gigantic buyer base and the possibilities outcomes are perpetual. With the click of a bind, they have the ability to system as far and wide as possible.The downside of this is that abruptly business ends up being significantly more focused. It can require some time and cash to guarantee the association is at the highest point of the list when somebody does a Google inquiry on a product. Yet with know-how and a little elbow grease, the Internet could be an amazing asset. Working Remotely- How often have you caught somebody gloat about the way that he headed off to work in his bunny shoes? Before the Internet, this did not happen. There are various jobs now that need just a computer, Wi-Fi and an Internet connection for the employee to be up and running.More than anything, the bunny-shoes marvel influences organisations that are sole proprietors. In any case, there are virtual head-seekers that representative out the aforementioned remote workers and succeed in enormous business for themselves. Educated Consumers- Presently a potential purchaser is not at the benevolence of a representative. Numerous huge name retailers give rewards to their selling specialists for offering certain things every month. A client may not fundamentally get the item that fits his or her needs.Presently, if somebody is searching for a computer, new auto or kitchen machine, there are numerous online sites that offer free charge customer service and master audits on products. Virtual Retailers- There is numerous businesses that now manage singularly from the Internet. Take Amazon, for instance. A purchaser can s ort into the Amazon web index simply about anything he needs, and inside seconds it is right at his fingertips. Further, when he purchases the thing and has it sent to him, he can track it each venture of the way.Assuming that something tends to be transported FedEx, a following number is every one of the a client ought to discover what city his bundle is in, if it is in the truck or at the centre, and what time it will touch base at his entryway. In a common sans, any one ready to produce a product can now make the people aware to their service or items without being compelled to head off to the upkeep of needing to publicise in standard media. This incorporates the promotion payment and continuous back for the product. There are a ton of organisations today that might not exist without the web.The web has direct effectiveness in the growth of the global economies, through, technology Communication systems, and Internet access according to the fact of that internet or web is easy a nd fast therefore, the world now mainly use it in all the collaborations that affect the world market such as, stock market which is needed those types of services, banking as well, and so on. Conclusion In conclusion, after we mention the understanding of the word globalisation and where it comes from, as well as some of the definition.The advantages and the disadvantages of globalisation therefore we got the understanding of how is globalisation important in our life according to the changes that happened in our life due to the involvement of globalisation for example globalisation improve our education, industries, trade movement, and†¦ etc. although globalisation improved our life, but we still have to face the consequences that followed that improvement as it, effected out health, natural resources and so many deferent aspects.Also we come through the important or the effectiveness of the web or the internet when it comes to global business and globalisation of the world e conomic. Therefore the internet revolution has made a big different in the global or international businesses as it is mentioned earlier in the essay. According to that we could see that and how it is important now in the international businesses movement (fast, easy, security, and qualify) As well as, the globalisation of the world economy. Reference List * Reni, W. 2011) Main meaning of globalisation Available at: http://www. lse. co. uk/financeglossary. asp? searchTerm=globalisation&iArticleID=1339&definition=globalisation(Accessed: 1 March 2013) * Richard, V. (2004) Globalisation background. Available at: http://uk. answers. yo. com/question/index? qid=20100520100117AACVwow (Accessed: 11 February 2013) * Krohne, H. (2002) Advantages of globalisation pdf] Available at: http://www. buzzle. com/articles/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-globalization. html (Accessed: 8 March 2013) * Horton, J. 2010) Available at: http://www. investorwords. com/2182/globalization. html (Accessed: 11 J anuary 2013) * Johanson, M. (1990, January 16). Sara Fere. Retrieved April 6, 2011, from Jioni: www. jioni. co. ke/thy/sfere/ (Accessed: 6 March 2013) * Smith, G. (2010). Disadvantages of globalisation Available at: http://www. buzzle. com/articles/disadvantages-of-globalization. html (Accessed: 13 February 2013) * Hellen, G. (7April 2002). cls. Retrieved 6 April, 2007, from Williammillan: http://www. slideshare. et/gunacharlotte/globalization-of-world-economy-ppt (Accessed: 3 February 2013). * Harison, K. (2 April 2004). worled wide web. In K. Harison, enhance us in Importance of web in international busness (pp. 12-27). New York: Bookpoint. (Accessed: 8 January 2013) * Welther, M. (16 January 2000). Ray Juck. Retrieved March 6, 2013, from Jioni: http://pc. net/glossary/importd/Thecnology. working (Accessed: 7 January 2013) * Meradch, M. (2005). Importance of the internet. Available at http://en. world. economic-edia. org/internet-accesus/uk (Accessed: 28 February 2013) Globalisation question (1) part -1- what is globalisation? Discuss the advantages and the disadvantages of globalisation? When we mention the word Globalisation what do we mean by it and what we understand? An early depiction of globalisation was penned by the American entrepreneur-turned-minister Charles Taze Russell who begat the term ‘corporate giants' in 1897, granted that it was not until the 1960s that the term started to be substantially utilized by economists and other social researchers. The term has since then attained boundless utilize as a part of the mainstream press by the later large part of the 1980s.Since its origin, the idea of globalisation has motivated various contending definitions and elucidations for instance, as a name for the methodology of expanding the connectivity and relationship of the planet's business sectors and organizations? This technique has speeded up incredibly in the most recent two decades as innovative developments make it simpler for individuals to voyage, impart, and work together globally. And also is the Process of amplifying social relations crosswise over planet space? Such developments come up from the developments of individuals, things and plans.It can't be demarcated as far as internationalization or reconciliation as certain theorists have prescribed, however the aforementioned infrastructures may be a result of globalisation, Globalisation depicts the transaction crosswise over societies of macro-social powers. The aforementioned strengths incorporate religion, governmental issues, and matters in profit making. Globalisation effected many different aspects in our life creating it is own advantages along with the disadvantages, coming up the advantages of globalisation.Employment- Recognized as a standout amongst the most critical advantages, globalisation has expedited the generation of various employment opportunities. Associations are moving towards the advancing nations to get labour power. This evidently indulg es employment and earnings generation to the individuals in the host nation. Likewise, the relocation of individuals, which has gotten simpler, has prompted better works opportunities. Education- an extremely basic advantage that has helped the populace is the spread of education.With various educational organisations around the world, one can move out from the home nation for better chances somewhere else. Consequently, mixing with diverse societies, gathering and gaining experience from different individuals through the medium of instruction is everything because of globalisation. Advancing nations or labour-serious nations have profited the most. Product Quality- The onset of global trade has given ascent to powerful rivalry in the markets. No longer does one find set number of wares available. A specific item might get many alternatives with distinctive costs.The feature value has been upgraded in order to hold the customers. Today the customers may bargain with the value extent yet not with the quality of the item. Level or oppressed value can conflictingly influence shopper fulfilment. Free Movement of Capital- Capital, the spine of each economy, is of prime criticalness for the best possible working of the economy. Today, transferring cash through banks is conceivable simply by the click of a catch, all because of the electronic transfer that has made life exceptionally agreeable.Numerous colossal firms are investing in the advancing nations by setting up industrial units outside their home nation. This accelerates Foreign Direct Investment, which assists in advertising economic development in the host country. Communication- Information technology has played an indispensable part in accumulating the nation’s closer terms of communication. Each and every information is effectively approachable from generally each corner of the planet. Dissemination of information is no longer a dull undertaking, and can happen in seconds.The Internet has fundamen tally influenced the worldwide economy, subsequently giving steer access to information and items or product. GDP Increase- Gross Domestic Product, generally recognised as GDP, is the cash value of the last services and goods inside the domesticated domain of the nation throughout an accounting year. As the market has expanded, the demand and scope for a feature has expanded. Makers familiarise their items and fixes consistent with the prerequisites of different economies in this way tapping the untapped markets.Accordingly, the final result regarding budgetary addition improves the GDP of the nation. Provided that statistics are of any sign, the GDP of the advancing nations has expanded twice to the extent that heretofore. Coming up, some of the disadvantages of globalisation as well. Loss of Culture-Provincially, people of a specific nation take after its culture and traditions from time immemorial. With huge number of people moving into and out of a nation, the culture takes a re arward sitting arrangement. People might adapt to the culture of the occupant nation.Therefore people tend to follow foreign culture instead their own, disregarding their particular roots. This can give ascent to culture conflicts. Environment Degradation- The industrial revolution has modified the viewpoint of the economy. Industries are utilizing natural resources by method of mining, penetrating, and so on, which puts a load on nature. Natural resources are draining and are on the borderline of coming to be terminated. Deforestation is worked on owing to the non-availability of area, subsequently radically lessening the forest front.This in turn makes unevenness in the earth prompting environmental change and event of natural catastrophes. Conflicts-Each economy needs to be at the top spot and be the guider. The quick-paced economies that are the advanced nations are vying to be the inimitable force. It has given ascent to terrorism and different types of savagery. Such acts not just aim misfortune of human life and yet colossal economic misfortunes. Monopoly- Monopoly is a scenario wherein one singular producer has a state in a specific product or products.It is conceivable that when a product is the leader in its field, the association may start to adventure the purchasers. As there exists no nearby contenders, the guide profits from the deal of its product, which might later prompt illicit and unscrupulous practices on being emulated. Monopoly is disastrous as it extends the crevice between the advanced and advancing nations. Health Issues- Globalization has given ascent to additional health dangers and presents new challenges and threats for plagues. An extremely standard sample is the dawn of HIV/AIDS.Having its source in the wilderness of Africa, the infection has spread like rapidly spreading conflagration all through the globe quickly. Food things are additionally transported to different nations, and this is a matter of concern, in particular in th e event of perishable things. The security regulations and the gauges of food preparation are distinctive in diverse nations, which might represent an extraordinary hazard to potential health risks. And so on there are more of the advantages and the disadvantages of Globalisation, effected as in our everyday lives. question (1) part -2-How might the internet and the associated World Wide Web AFFECT INTERNATIONAL business activity and the globalisation of the world economy? The Internet revolution a few years ago there were some individuals who thought the Internet was a craze. Those days are doubtlessly over. Individuals who opposed the ascent of innovation have long been left in the dust keeping in mind the end goal to clear a path for the ascent of more propelled masses. The aforementioned are the individuals who comprehended the force of the Internet and they knew how it could take their businesses to an entire new level.This was a brief introduction about the starting of the int ernet revolution. Therefore the internet now has a huge effectiveness in the international business activities. In general, the internet made the movement of the businesses internationally essayer. Following, some examples of businesses such as: From Local to Global- The situation when an association sets up an online site and markets it legitimately, abruptly it is opening up a gigantic buyer base and the possibilities outcomes are perpetual. With the click of a bind, they have the ability to system as far and wide as possible.The downside of this is that abruptly business ends up being significantly more focused. It can require some time and cash to guarantee the association is at the highest point of the list when somebody does a Google inquiry on a product. Yet with know-how and a little elbow grease, the Internet could be an amazing asset. Working Remotely- How often have you caught somebody gloat about the way that he headed off to work in his bunny shoes? Before the Internet, this did not happen. There are various jobs now that need just a computer, Wi-Fi and an Internet connection for the employee to be up and running.More than anything, the bunny-shoes marvel influences organisations that are sole proprietors. In any case, there are virtual head-seekers that representative out the aforementioned remote workers and succeed in enormous business for themselves. Educated Consumers- Presently a potential purchaser is not at the benevolence of a representative. Numerous huge name retailers give rewards to their selling specialists for offering certain things every month. A client may not fundamentally get the item that fits his or her needs.Presently, if somebody is searching for a computer, new auto or kitchen machine, there are numerous online sites that offer free charge customer service and master audits on products. Virtual Retailers- There is numerous businesses that now manage singularly from the Internet. Take Amazon, for instance. A purchaser can s ort into the Amazon web index simply about anything he needs, and inside seconds it is right at his fingertips. Further, when he purchases the thing and has it sent to him, he can track it each venture of the way.Assuming that something tends to be transported FedEx, a following number is every one of the a client ought to discover what city his bundle is in, if it is in the truck or at the centre, and what time it will touch base at his entryway. In a common sans, any one ready to produce a product can now make the people aware to their service or items without being compelled to head off to the upkeep of needing to publicise in standard media. This incorporates the promotion payment and continuous back for the product. There are a ton of organisations today that might not exist without the web.The web has direct effectiveness in the growth of the global economies, through, technology Communication systems, and Internet access according to the fact of that internet or web is easy a nd fast therefore, the world now mainly use it in all the collaborations that affect the world market such as, stock market which is needed those types of services, banking as well, and so on. Conclusion In conclusion, after we mention the understanding of the word globalisation and where it comes from, as well as some of the definition.The advantages and the disadvantages of globalisation therefore we got the understanding of how is globalisation important in our life according to the changes that happened in our life due to the involvement of globalisation for example globalisation improve our education, industries, trade movement, and†¦ etc. although globalisation improved our life, but we still have to face the consequences that followed that improvement as it, effected out health, natural resources and so many deferent aspects.Also we come through the important or the effectiveness of the web or the internet when it comes to global business and globalisation of the world e conomic. Therefore the internet revolution has made a big different in the global or international businesses as it is mentioned earlier in the essay. According to that we could see that and how it is important now in the international businesses movement (fast, easy, security, and qualify) As well as, the globalisation of the world economy. Reference List * Reni, W. 2011) Main meaning of globalisation Available at: http://www. lse. co. uk/financeglossary. asp? searchTerm=globalisation&iArticleID=1339&definition=globalisation(Accessed: 1 March 2013) * Richard, V. (2004) Globalisation background. Available at: http://uk. answers. yo. com/question/index? qid=20100520100117AACVwow (Accessed: 11 February 2013) * Krohne, H. (2002) Advantages of globalisation pdf] Available at: http://www. buzzle. com/articles/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-globalization. html (Accessed: 8 March 2013) * Horton, J. 2010) Available at: http://www. investorwords. com/2182/globalization. html (Accessed: 11 J anuary 2013) * Johanson, M. (1990, January 16). Sara Fere. Retrieved April 6, 2011, from Jioni: www. jioni. co. ke/thy/sfere/ (Accessed: 6 March 2013) * Smith, G. (2010). Disadvantages of globalisation Available at: http://www. buzzle. com/articles/disadvantages-of-globalization. html (Accessed: 13 February 2013) * Hellen, G. (7April 2002). cls. Retrieved 6 April, 2007, from Williammillan: http://www. slideshare. et/gunacharlotte/globalization-of-world-economy-ppt (Accessed: 3 February 2013). * Harison, K. (2 April 2004). worled wide web. In K. Harison, enhance us in Importance of web in international busness (pp. 12-27). New York: Bookpoint. (Accessed: 8 January 2013) * Welther, M. (16 January 2000). Ray Juck. Retrieved March 6, 2013, from Jioni: http://pc. net/glossary/importd/Thecnology. working (Accessed: 7 January 2013) * Meradch, M. (2005). Importance of the internet. Available at http://en. world. economic-edia. org/internet-accesus/uk (Accessed: 28 February 2013)

French Revolution Timeline Essay

What was the meeting of the Estate General? The estates General met very seldom. Their last meeting was in 1614. The Estates General met back in 1789 in Versailles. They met back because government was in a serious crisis. France was bankrupt and Louis XVI needed the Estates General opinion on what to do next. What was the importance of The Meeting of the Estates General? The importance of the Meeting of the Estates General was to give Louis XVI some judgement on what to do next for the debt that France has to pay. Louis XVI, new director the treasury. Jacques Necker hoped that the meeting of the Estates General would help France raise some money. In hope of the Estates General siding with the king gave the Estates General the power to change taxes. The Estates General did not agree with the king. Tennis court Oath: June 1789 What was the Tennis Court Oath? A pledge made by the Third Estate of the Estates General at the Royal Tennis Court that states that they will continue to meet until France has a new form of government. What was the importance of the Tennis Court Oath? Louis backed down and had all three estates in the Estates General. It was one-step closer to winning the French Revolution. Storming of the Bastille: 1789 What was the Storming of the Bastille? On July 14, 1789, a great mob attacked the royal prison known as the â€Å"Bastille.† There were 7 prisoners that were released. The mob cut off the head of the governors and paraded through the streets. What was the importance of the Storming of the Bastille? The fall of the Bastille frightened Louis to agreeing to send his solders away. The citizens formed a new army called the â€Å"National Guard† to keep order in Paris. The Great Fear: 1789 What was the Great Fear? The great fear was when peasants began to feel that the king’s soldiers and the aristocrats would stop the revolution. These feeling resulted to the â€Å"Great Fear.† The peasants stormed the chà ¢teau of the aristocrats. They burned down the chà ¢teaux, killed hundreds of people, invaded their offices and burned feudal obligations to their lords. What was the importance of the Great Fear? The split of the revolution spread wildly to the countrysides, and serfs rose up and fought to end the feudal system. Women’s March: October, 1789 What was the Women’s March? The Women’s March was hundreds of women marching to Versailles because of food crisis and they think that the government needed to come to Paris instead of being isolated in Versailles. What was the importance of the Women’s March? The importance of the Women’s March was to get the queen and king to come back to Paris and solve their crisis or troubles involving women declaring for women’s rights. National Assembly pass laws: 1789 What laws were passed by the National Assembly? The laws that the National Assembly passed were: †¢ Abolished all feudal rights, privileges, and ended serfdom. †¢ Passed the Declaration of the Rights of man and the citizen. What was the importance of these laws? The importance of these laws was: †¢ Feudal rights allowed royalty to take advantage of the serfs. This ended. †¢ Gave basic human needs to the everyday citizens. Monarchy tries to Escape/ Monarchy Overthrown: 1791 How did the Monarchy try to escape? How was the Monarchy overthrown? In 1791, the queen, king and children tried to escape from the country to bring back the monarchy. The royal family was recognized and arrested so Louis was forced to accept the constitution and was tried for his crimes and guillotined on January 21, 1793. What was the importance of overthrowing the Monarchy? A republic began known as the Reign of Terror, which happed from 1793 to 1794. it was the end of monarchy. King Louis XVI is guillotined/ Republic is established: 1793 Who is responsible for guillotining King Louis? Jean-Paul Marat, Jacques Danton, and Maximilien Robespierre were the radical leaders of the revolution they sent the king to trial and had him executed. Robespierre was ordered to guillotine King Louis in 1793. Who established a Republic? What is a Republic? The Radicals established a Republic and a republic is a country lead without a monarch. Reign of Terror: 1793-94 What was the Reign of Terror? †¢ The trial and execution of the king. †¢ The government passed down harsh laws to anyone who disagreed with the Jacobins. †¢ 37,000 people were guillotined for standing up against the government. Why was the Reign of Terror important? It was important because complete reorganization of the armed forces, and new legislation was passed to regulate business. All granaries and hackneys placed under control. Fall of Robespierre: 1793-94 What happened to Robespierre and why? Robespierre’s downfall was that while trying to create a democratic government he instead became a dictator. He caused a lot of bloodshed, the â€Å"Reign of Terror,† and when he tried to condemn those who were against him, he was condemned because he, himself turned into a ruler like that of an absolute monarchy instead of democracy. What is important about the end to Robespierre? After he was gone, the â€Å"Reign of Terror† was over and the rule of the Directory began. People began to realize that a good government isn’t just non-monarchy. Directory Meets: 1794 What was the Directory? The directory was a new government that was controlled by middle class. It was formed and replaced Robespierre. Why was the forming of the Directory important? It was important because they replaced Robespierre, however only classes with money could vote and elect members to government to equality was gone.

Free Essays on Facism

Facism Fascism is a form of counter-revolutionary politics that first arose in the early part of the twentieth-century in Europe. It was a response to the rapid social upheaval, the devastation of World War I, and the Bolshevik Revolution. Fascism is a philosophy or a system of government the advocates or exercises a dictatorship of the extreme right, typically through the merging of state and business leadership, together with an ideology of aggressive nationalism. Celebrating the nation or the race as an organic community surpassing all other loyalties. This right-wing philosophy will even advocate violent action to maintain this loyalty which is held in such high regards. Fascism approaches politics in two central areas, populist and elitist. Populist in that it seeks to activate "the people" as a whole against perceived oppressors or enemies and to create a nation of unity. The elitist approach treats as putting the people's will on one select group, or most often one supreme leader called El Duce, from whom all power proceeds downward. The two most recognized names that go along with Fascism is Italy's Benito Mussolini and Germany's Adolf Hitler. The philosophy of Fascism can be traced to the philosophers who argue that the will is prior to and superior to the intellect or reason. George Sorel, Friedrich Nietzsche, and Georg Hegal are main philosophers who's beliefs and ideologies greatly influenced the shaping of Fascist theory. Sorel (1847-1922) was a French social philosopher who had a major influence on Mussolini. Sorel believed that societies naturally became decadent and disorganized. This decay could only be slowed by the leadership of idealists who were willing to use violence to obtain power. Nietzsche (1844-1900) theorized that there were two moral codes: the ruling class ( master morality) and the oppressed class (slave morality). Nietzsche believed the ancient empires were developed from t... Free Essays on Facism Free Essays on Facism Facism Fascism is a form of counter-revolutionary politics that first arose in the early part of the twentieth-century in Europe. It was a response to the rapid social upheaval, the devastation of World War I, and the Bolshevik Revolution. Fascism is a philosophy or a system of government the advocates or exercises a dictatorship of the extreme right, typically through the merging of state and business leadership, together with an ideology of aggressive nationalism. Celebrating the nation or the race as an organic community surpassing all other loyalties. This right-wing philosophy will even advocate violent action to maintain this loyalty which is held in such high regards. Fascism approaches politics in two central areas, populist and elitist. Populist in that it seeks to activate "the people" as a whole against perceived oppressors or enemies and to create a nation of unity. The elitist approach treats as putting the people's will on one select group, or most often one supreme leader called El Duce, from whom all power proceeds downward. The two most recognized names that go along with Fascism is Italy's Benito Mussolini and Germany's Adolf Hitler. The philosophy of Fascism can be traced to the philosophers who argue that the will is prior to and superior to the intellect or reason. George Sorel, Friedrich Nietzsche, and Georg Hegal are main philosophers who's beliefs and ideologies greatly influenced the shaping of Fascist theory. Sorel (1847-1922) was a French social philosopher who had a major influence on Mussolini. Sorel believed that societies naturally became decadent and disorganized. This decay could only be slowed by the leadership of idealists who were willing to use violence to obtain power. Nietzsche (1844-1900) theorized that there were two moral codes: the ruling class ( master morality) and the oppressed class (slave morality). Nietzsche believed the ancient empires were developed from t... Free Essays on Facism Fascism Fascism is a form of counter-revolutionary politics that first arose in the early part of the twentieth-century in Europe. It was a response to the rapid social upheaval, the devastation of World War I, and the Bolshevik Revolution. Fascism is a philosophy or a system of government the advocates or exercises a dictatorship of the extreme right, typically through the merging of state and business leadership, together with an ideology of aggressive nationalism. Celebrating the nation or the race as an organic community surpassing all other loyalties. This right-wing philosophy will even advocate violent action to maintain this loyalty which is held in such high regards. Fascism approaches politics in two central areas, populist and elitist. Populist in that it seeks to activate "the people" as a whole against perceived oppressors or enemies and to create a nation of unity. The elitist approach treats as putting the people’s will on one select group, or most often one supreme leader called El Duce, from whom all power proceeds downward. The two most recognized names that go along with Fascism is Italy’s Benito Mussolini and Germany’s Adolf Hitler. The philosophy of Fascism can be traced to the philosophers who argue that the will is prior to and superior to the intellect or reason. George Sorel, Friedrich Nietzsche, and Georg Hegal are main philosophers who’s beliefs and ideologies greatly influenced the shaping of Fascist theory. Sorel (1847-1922) was a French social philosopher who had a major influence on Mussolini. Sorel believed that societies naturally became decadent and disorganized. This decay could only be slowed by the leadership of idealists who were willing to use violence to obtain power. Nietzsche (1844-1900) theorized that there were two moral codes: the ruling class ( master morality) and the oppressed class (slave morality). Nietzsche believed th...

Guide on How to Write a Definition Essay All You Need to Know!

Guide on How to Write a Definition Essay All You Need to Know! Writing an essay often requires defining a specific term and conducting profound research in order to interpret the meaning. Some disciplines may pose a challenge for students when they face some difficult notions or theories. In this way, they should look for various sources in the attempt to explain the meaning of the term, relate the definition to one’s life experiences, and form a personal opinion. It often comes that you may find contrasting ideas and interpretations of specific definitions on the web, though you need to base your opinion on the background knowledge and mix of various ideas. What is a Definition? According to the Oxford Dictionary, the word definition implies â€Å"a statement of the exact meaning of a word, especially in a dictionary.† Therefore, a person who tries to form a definition of the word should explain its essence. While forming a definition, one should smoothly move from the abstract to the concrete meaning. Writing a definition essay, you should not simply provide the definition, but also expand upon the meaning and add your interpretation based on the life experience. You are required to send a new message and bring an emotional appeal to the target audience in order to establish trust and render emotions. Guide to Selecting the Right Word 1. Select an abstract word with different meanings While forming a definition, choosing a simple word may pose difficulties to dwell upon it in the essay. Thus, a complex word may be the ultimate decision to move from abstract to concrete meaning. In linguistic terms, a word has semantic fields implying that it has a range of different meanings, which may resemble each other in its shade. One should always rely on the primary meaning of the word to shape the ultimate definition. Using more abstract nouns can help you expand upon the definition and structure it into various elements. For instance, the abstract word love can be used more widely than the word affection. This word constitutes a concept and may include different shades in its meaning, ranging from mother’s love to her children to physical love. 2. Choose a debatable word The word used to form a definition should be disputable enough, so that you may construct your own opinion. While analyzing a definition, you should interpret the meaning from your perspective and come to a certain conclusion. You are required to contribute to the primary meaning of the definition in an attempt to create a coherent and extensive definition. 3. Select a familiar word Relying on the dictionary is good, though you should always choose the word you are familiar with to incorporate it into the definition. While you should develop the meaning of the word you select, it is important to apply both theoretical and practical knowledge to shape the definition. 4. Check a dictionary definition Before analyzing a specific concept, it is advised to turn to the dictionary in order to find an academic explanation of its meaning. For instance, based on the online etymological dictionary, the word anxiety derives from Latin anxietatem implying â€Å"apprehension caused by danger, misfortune, or error, the uneasiness of mind respecting some uncertainty, a restless dread of some evil.† In this way, you may compare your understanding of the definition with the registered one and form your thoughts based on the formal explanation. 5. Find an etymological meaning of the word Thus, except for the dictionary meaning, you may find the origin and history of the word, which can be related to the specific historic period and existing norms of that time. Compiling an Effective Definition: A Few Tips from Our Writers Divide a word into different morphological parts and derive its meaning separately. For instance, the word deconstruct can be separated into prefix de, and the base morpheme construct. In this context, de presupposes â€Å"down, away, off, from among,† which forms a negation in the word. Therefore, you may rely on the significance of the prefix and then, come to the philosophical interpretation of the word depending on the context of its use. Provide a classification of the word and define the part of speech it belongs to. You may compare the notion to other similar notions that relate to the same class. In this way, you may distinguish the differences between them and differentiate the most important features of the word’s meaning. For instance, based on the Longman Dictionary, pine is â€Å"a tall tree with long hard sharp leaves† in comparison to other trees such as maple, oak, birch, or cherry. Define the function of the word by telling what it means. You should explain how it is related to other words in a specific context. Compare a term you are not acquainted with to something more familiar to you. For instance, you may explain an uncommon for most people term by using the words that are more familiar to average people. For example, the word effete, which is not commonly used, can be substituted with the word over-refined or used in a different shade like feminine. Define the physical characteristics of the word to visualize its meaning. For instance, the abstract word childhood may not only indicate the physical attribute of age, but also feelings and states, such as coziness, warmness, and even anxiety you may feel during childhood. Use negation in order to explain the definition. For instance, while defining the word anxiety, you may contrast it with the word peace to explain its meaning. You are welcome to use anecdotes and examples to express the meaning of the definition. You can pose some questions to yourself like: Which examples can be applicable to the given definition? In what way can I appeal to the readers? Will this anecdote convey the term’s meaning? Organizing a Structure 1. Indicate the dictionary definition in the introduction In the introductory paragraph, you are required to quote the word-for-word definition from a trustworthy dictionary. Therefore, you may produce space for your own interpretation, which can be amplified by your background knowledge. Then, you may elaborate on the given term you have to analyze. 2. Give a definition of the term in the thesis In the thesis statement, you should determine the term in your own perspective. Note that the definition should be clear and brief, as you will further develop it in the body. Avoid passive constructions and use more positive statements to prevent redundancy. 3. Break up various parts of the given definition into different paragraphs You should choose a specific strategy, which would help you to explore the definition in depth. Do not stick only to one tactic, as sometimes it cannot be applicable to all terms. Utilize a range of methods in the attempt to visualize the general picture of the notion. 4. Provide your own in-depth research of ideas in the main body In the main part, you should form coherent and strong topic sentences to present your claim. You should support your topic sentences with credible sources. Therefore, you are welcome to use dictionaries of different types including definition and etymological ones. Likely, you may indicate the cases in which the notion can be used, its origin, and development through history. It can also be useful to involve common fallacies faced by students in an attempt to define the term. As evidence, use your life experiences and examples to support the topic sentences. You might choose any structure you wish, though you can start the main body with the origin of the word. You should define different points in the body to appeal to the reader. After providing the history, you might make up your own definition based on dictionary meaning. You should note that after providing an interpretation of the definition, you can include specific characteristics of the word, which make it stand out. Then, you can describe your own attitude and feelings associated with the word. While forming a definition, you should identify its grammatical meaning, breaking it into several parts. This could be done by classifying the word based on its morphological composition and semantic meaning. You should also explain its usage and significance in the spheres of life it might be applicable. For instance, if the word is outdated, you should explain how it disappeared from everyday use. Define the causes and dwell upon the word’s use through a historical prism. If the word is still used on a regular basis, you can indicate its possible limitations in use. Therefore, you can identify in which contexts the word can be used and in which situations the word cannot be applicable. In addition, define the effectiveness of the word and its impact on human perception. 5. Summarize your thoughts In the concluding paragraph, you should reiterate the main points you covered in the body paragraph. Pay close attention to the topic sentence in order to distinguish the major points. You may also include limitations or recommendations to leave food for thoughts for the reader. 6. Highlight the associations you have with the given definition If you can relate your own stories and feelings to the given definition, you are welcome to include your thoughts in conclusion. If you show the role of definition in your life, the reader is more likely to be engaged in reading the guideline. Definition Topics You should remember that choosing abstract nouns for compiling the definition is the best strategy for analysis. While all people are acquainted with common nouns, it is better to dwell upon uncountable complex nouns. Some of the most known abstract concepts involve love, happiness, family, religion, life, and death. These are possible definition essay topics: How to Find the Meaning in Life If There Is No Meaning in Life? What Is the Concept of Temporality from the Existentialist Point of View? Define the Notion of Love Based on the Elements of Eros, Philia, and Agape; Define the Notion of Solitude in Plato’s Interpretation; How to Define Type of Personality Based on Body Language? How to Struggle Anxiety If the Life Always Poses a Challenge? What Does It Mean to Be a True Self? How to Get Positivity in the Cases of Disappointment and Sufferings? Define the Concept of Life from the Existentialist Perspective; Define the Notion of Fear of Death Based on Religious Theories. Definition Writing Tips from Our Experts When shaping a definition, you should not be biased and provide different viewpoints based on several sources. You are welcome to use encyclopedias and dictionaries to check the registered academic definitions. Always include examples and life stories to illustrate how the word is used. You may include common mistakes related to the word’s usage and underline its application in everyday life. Do not merely provide a copy of the exact definition from the dictionary. Always provide your own interpretation of the word or paraphrase it in your own way. Provide a unique definition that does not only comply with academic one. Check spelling and grammar before submitting a final draft. Select a notion that you understand and to which you can relate your own experience. If you do not understand the term, you may consult your instructor and receive an in-depth explanation of the notion. Include many perspectives on the interpretation of the notion. You may cover such points as etymological meaning, functions, uses, effectiveness, and limitations. You can include both similarities and differences to compare the term with others and define its unique characteristics. When coming up with the definition, do not start with when or where. Follow a logical flow of ideas and keep a coherent structure throughout your essay. You should have a clear introduction with a thesis statement, the main body, and conclusion. Pick up the broad term as the too narrow topic may restrain you from writing a well-grounded guide definition. Though, a topic should be neither too broad nor too specific in order to take different perspectives. Try to use smooth transitions in the guideline to combine various types of your essay. Write in accordance with the word count to produce a succinct and coherent guide definition. References Anxiety. (n.d.) In Online etymology dictionary. Retrieved from https://www.etymonline.com/ Definition. (n.d.) In Oxford Dictionary. Retrieved from https://www.oxforddictionaries.com/ Definition Essay: A Powerful Guide to Writing an Excellent Paper | PrivateWriting. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.privatewriting.com/blog/definition-essay Definition essay writing help, ideas, topics, examples. (2018). Retrieved from https://essayinfo.com/essays/definition-essay/ Essay Writing Guide: Definition Essay. (2018). Retrieved from word-mart.com/html/definition_essay.html How to Write a Definition Essay | English Composition I: Rhetorical Methods–Based. (2018). Retrieved from https://courses.lumenlearning.com/englishcomp1v2xmaster/chapter/how-to-write-a-definition-essay/ Pine. (n.d.) In Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. Retrieved from https://www.ldoceonline.com/ Tips and Hints on How to Write a Definition Essay: Guides A Research Guide for Students. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.aresearchguide.com/tips-hints-write-definition-essay.html

3 Cases of Missing Commas

3 Cases of Missing Commas 3 Cases of Missing Commas 3 Cases of Missing Commas By Mark Nichol The presence or absence of a single punctuation mark can create confusion or ambiguity about the meaning of a sentence. Three sentences illustrating this problem, each followed by discussion and revision, follow: 1. These factors make it hard for management to decide what to communicate to directors given the board’s crowded agenda. The lack of punctuation preceding given creates the implication that it is a verb that refers to something the directors are being handed. But here, given is a preposition signaling that information about a mitigating factor is about to be imparted, and punctuation should separate this tacked-on phrase from the main clause: â€Å"These factors make it hard for management to decide what to communicate to directors, given the board’s crowded agenda.† (The additional phrase could also begin the sentence: â€Å"Given the board’s crowded agenda, these factors make it hard for management to decide what to communicate to directors.†) 2. It’s not a real pleasant experience to tell you the truth. As written, this sentence suggests that the writer does not enjoy telling the truth to the reader (or, if the sentence is a quotation, to someone the speaker is talking to), but this is not the writer’s (or speaker’s) intent. To signal that â€Å"to tell the truth† is simply a conversational aside, it should be separated from the main clause: â€Å"It’s not a real pleasant experience, to tell you the truth.† (As in the previous sentence, the modifying phrase can begin the sentence: â€Å"To tell you the truth, it’s not a real pleasant experience.†) 3. The coach had pursued a star athlete only to have a deal fall just short. This sentence reads as if the coach had tried to recruit an athlete for the sole purpose of having a deal fall short; only could be misconstrued as a synonym for merely. But the part of the sentence starting with only is a modifying phrase describing the result of a sincere recruiting effort, and it should be set off from the main clause: â€Å"The coach had pursued a star athlete, only to have a deal fall just short.† (Unlike the dependent clauses and the main clauses in the sentences above, this pair of clauses cannot be transposed without heavy revision.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Types and Forms of Humor15 Words for Household Rooms, and Their Synonyms45 Idioms About the Number One

How effective are Business Intelligence (BI) tools for supporting Essay

How effective are Business Intelligence (BI) tools for supporting decision-making - Essay Example Includes database and application technologies, as well as analysis practices. Sometimes used synonymously with "decision support," though business intelligence is technically much broader, potentially encompassing knowledge management, enterprise resource planning, and data mining, among other practices. ...† (csumb, 2011) Trying to interpret the actual meanings of the term ‘intelligence’ and how it is evolved would give us a better understanding into the terminology of business intelligence itself. Generally, intelligence refers to the ability to understand, learn and evolve. Intelligence develops with every learning experience and input of every kind of information. Basic intelligence, when deployed in business environment is referred to as business intelligence. THE DISCUSSION: The capacity of human beings to incorporate prior instinctive and experience based knowledge to execute processes in order to achieve a particular objective is termed as intelligence. It ’s a virtual entity that encompasses all logical horizons. Business is also one of the natural and logical processes. Logic can be defined as a set of rules that governs executions. To discriminate a process as being logical or illogical one needs to be intelligent. This new perspective about intelligence gives a much understandable definition of Business Intelligence. BI would now be defined as, the capacity that enables businessmen to differentiate logical and illogical executions in a business.. This definition presents Business Intelligence as an umbrella that covers almost all the tasks performed under the tag of ‘businesses’. This paper emphasizes on the same notion with the discussion of multiple top notch business terms namely... The capacity of human beings to incorporate prior instinctive and experience based knowledge to execute processes in order to achieve a particular objective is termed as intelligence. It’s a virtual entity that encompasses all logical horizons. Business is also one of the natural and logical processes. Logic can be defined as a set of rules that governs executions. To discriminate a process as being logical or illogical one needs to be intelligent. This new perspective about intelligence gives a much understandable definition of Business Intelligence. BI would now be defined as, the capacity that enables businessmen to differentiate logical and illogical executions in a business.. This definition presents Business Intelligence as an umbrella that covers almost all the tasks performed under the tag of ‘businesses’. This paper emphasizes on the same notion with the discussion of multiple top notch business terms namely sales forecasting, market research and knowledg e management. The association of business intelligence with sales forecasting, knowledge management and Market Research brings new meanings to this seemingly simple business term. It is attempted to take a general look at the basic definitions of each of the above mentioned terms before looking at their comparative involvements and meanings.

Nursing Practice in Singapore Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Nursing Practice in Singapore - Research Paper Example How do the patient’s vital signs affect your nursing care? Vital signs reflect a response to nursing and medical care. The patient’s BP will be checked before administering his BP medication, following which the BP will also be checked an hour following the administration of BP medication. Patient’s vital signs will be checked q 4 hours. Pain medication will be administered only if there is any pain and response to the medication will be checked after an hour of administration of the drugs. The main concern in this patient is blood pressure. The patient was a clerk in a private office until a couple of years ago when he sought voluntary retirement because of his illness. The patient lives with his wife. He has four sons, all of who are married and live separately. He does not have much financial help, except for some from his sons. He feels that racial discrimination and acculturation are two factors which ruined his life.   The patient went to Milby HS but did not graduate.   He could not graduate for financial reasons and other commitments. The patient is a cooperative person but is depressed because of his chronic illness. He enjoys movies. He is independent and is aware of his body needs and limitations. He, however, is unable to control the urge to consume alcohol. He does have a backache now and then but is not worried about that.   He enjoys a body massage. He does care about how he looks. In fact, he jokes that he is a â€Å"shabby guy†. I explained to the patient about the diet he must be taking. The prescribed diet for him is a diabetic diet with low salt and low potassium food in view of hypertension and chronic renal failure. I provided the information in the form of a chart after consulting his daily food timings and interests. I made a tailor-made diet chart for him.

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 4

Marketing - Essay Example This will be followed by the marketing mix of the company. The paper on the whole provides a deep insight into the company and marketing aspects of the M&S. The term marketing has a number of different views and opinions and there is a high level of confusion that can be found on this term. Different people from different industries have different views on the term. Ever industry uses the term marketing for different processes within the company (Webster, 1988). For instance, for a company selling coal, marketing is simply an understanding of the local markets and the cost that he can sell the produced coal. However marketing is very different for a person working for a company that sells products in the market. The alternative definition to marketing includes that by the AMA (The American Marketing Association). The AMA has defined marketing as, â€Å"The performance of business activities directed toward, and incident to, the flow of goods and services from producer to consumer or user† (OShaughnessy, 1984, p. 4). The above mentioned definition focuses on the distribution aspects of marketing and there is clearly no mention of the most essential aspect of marketing, i.e. the Four P’s. The AMA has revised this definition and changes it to a more comprehensive one in 1985 which explained, â€Å"The process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods, and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational objectives† (Marketing Library, 2010). As seen the revised definition of marketing takes into account the various elements and concepts related to marketing. The newer definition of marketing is one which provides a completely rounded explanation of marketing. Market oriented organisations have a number of characteristics which include, a) Customer focus, b) Customer Orientation, c) Marketing Coordination & Integration, d) Long term focus and

Investigation into the use of science by an environmental advocacy Essay

Investigation into the use of science by an environmental advocacy body - Essay Example 12). The report sought to provide a comprehensive and entirely practical ten year plan to exchange all the stationary energy requirements with one hundred percent renewable energy sources using proven technologies along with engineering. This deals with the common notion that the renewable energy cannot be used the replacement of fossil fuels, either as a result of under-development of the technology, or the concerns in regard to the costs associated with the technologies (Husher, 2009, p. 119). The group accepts pro-bono contributions from professionals such as engineers and scientists to take part in their projects in the same way open source software is produced and developed. The organization subscribes to the notion that the concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are at dangerous levels that keep increasing and that even when the objective of zero emissions in the worldwide economy is attained, the concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will still have to be decreased to a safer threshold. According to Beyond Zero Emissions, 350 ppm was the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere at which the fragmentation of the ice in the Arctic Sea started (Coghill, Sampford and Smith, 2011, p. 129). An amount in the area around 280 and 325 ppm is seen as the permissible amount and decreasing the levels in the atmosphere to this amount is appropriate and crucial. The organization believes that can be achieved through the implementation of concentrated plants that harvest solar. The prevailing levels of greenhouse gases that are in the atmosphere are already considerably high to push the climatic system way past the tipping scales (Manahan, 2007, p.215). These levels are at an undesirable risk of dangerous and permanent changes to the climate of the globe, biodiversity, and by extension, human civilization (Shukla, 1997, p. 173). These changes have a direct impact on

HUMAN TRAFFICKING AND FORCED LABOR Ukrainian human trafficking Essay

HUMAN TRAFFICKING AND FORCED LABOR Ukrainian human trafficking situation - Essay Example The paper points out to exploitation of the Right to Work in negative ways by some groups of people - human traffickers. These groups oppress people so that they can get cheap labor through fraudulent activities and misuse of power. The human rights advocate that Trafficking victims’ protection act of 2000 define human trafficking as subjecting humans to labor, illegal activities, prostitution and other forms of inhuman acts without their consent. It involves falsely recruiting, harboring, and transporting of a person for labor and services, through force, fraud or coercion. This essay demonstrates the problem of human trafficking and forced labor, namely the Ukrainian human trafficking situation. Ukraine is one of the main countries where humans are subjected to labor trafficking. In fact, Ukraine IOM and local NGOs reported that 49 percent of Ukraine population are victims of labor trafficking (State Department) (Ball & Hampton 13-14). Ukrainian victims mostly are sent to high-income countries such Russia, Poland, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom and many other European countries (trafficking in prisons 34) (Ball & Hampton 14). The paper outlines that most Ukrainian who are victims of labor trafficking are located in the countryside areas, in towns that have high unemployment rates. In order to protect these victims and reduce the human trafficking, the Ukrainian government created an anti-trafficking law in 2011 (Ball & Hampton 19). This led to many arrests of human traffickers.

Investigation into the use of science by an environmental advocacy Essay

Investigation into the use of science by an environmental advocacy body - Essay Example 12). The report sought to provide a comprehensive and entirely practical ten year plan to exchange all the stationary energy requirements with one hundred percent renewable energy sources using proven technologies along with engineering. This deals with the common notion that the renewable energy cannot be used the replacement of fossil fuels, either as a result of under-development of the technology, or the concerns in regard to the costs associated with the technologies (Husher, 2009, p. 119). The group accepts pro-bono contributions from professionals such as engineers and scientists to take part in their projects in the same way open source software is produced and developed. The organization subscribes to the notion that the concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are at dangerous levels that keep increasing and that even when the objective of zero emissions in the worldwide economy is attained, the concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will still have to be decreased to a safer threshold. According to Beyond Zero Emissions, 350 ppm was the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere at which the fragmentation of the ice in the Arctic Sea started (Coghill, Sampford and Smith, 2011, p. 129). An amount in the area around 280 and 325 ppm is seen as the permissible amount and decreasing the levels in the atmosphere to this amount is appropriate and crucial. The organization believes that can be achieved through the implementation of concentrated plants that harvest solar. The prevailing levels of greenhouse gases that are in the atmosphere are already considerably high to push the climatic system way past the tipping scales (Manahan, 2007, p.215). These levels are at an undesirable risk of dangerous and permanent changes to the climate of the globe, biodiversity, and by extension, human civilization (Shukla, 1997, p. 173). These changes have a direct impact on

The movie Le Confessionnal by Lepage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

The movie Le Confessionnal by Lepage - Essay Example The first concept that is seen with the movie â€Å"Le Confessional† is based on the controversy of the confession. This remains an apparent theme throughout the movie by LePage and creates a sense of mystery over the secrecy of the confessional as well as the way in which it complicates different concepts in society. The first confessional is one that is not seen through the main character, Rachel, but is displayed through the filming of Hitchcock’s movie, â€Å"I Confess,† which is a murder mystery about a murderer who confesses in the church about killing another individual. Because of the seal that swears secrecy the murderer doesn’t go to trial. The second confession is from the girl, Rachel, who finds herself pregnant at 16 and which the father of the child is sworn into secrecy. The third confession comes from the son, Marc, who is a display of homosexuality and which shows the opposing side to the confessional (LePage, 1). The concept which becomes controversial is with the seal of the confessional. All three of the confessionals that are displayed throughout the movie show how there is an intertwining with the past confessionals and the present as well as how each creates an unraveling effect that creates a change in the next generation (Gude, 72). The confession of Rachel is one which directly impacts Marc and Pierre as they search for the past and live a lifestyle that displays the misunderstandings of the past. The same type of complexity arises with the confession of the murderer and the way it creates different concepts that intertwine problems in the future from the past. This particular problem was one which was noticed in Canada and other regions in the 1950s, specifically because there were several who were committing crimes and not being tried because of the seal of secrecy. The opposition was toward the Federal Rules of

The Humanistic and Cognitive Behavioral Applications of Psychology Essay Example for Free

The Humanistic and Cognitive Behavioral Applications of Psychology Essay Psychology as a scientific discipline can be divided into four major historical forces. The first historical force being psychoanalysis, the second force behaviorism, the third force humanistic, and the fourth force multicultural. Each historical force represents the zeitgeist or prevailing school of thought for its historical time, and each school of thought brought about the development of different theoretical applications and ideological approaches. This paper will focus on theorists and theoretical applications of the second and third historical forces. Behaviorism is the school of thought founded by John B. Watson and is the second historical force in psychology. The basis of behavioral psychology suggests that all behaviors are learned and therefore can be unlearned and changed. Watson, like most other behaviorists were of the mindset that only observable, or overt behaviors, should be studied because concepts such as emotion and cognition were too subjective (Cherry, K. 2011). Cognitive applications of behavioral psychology known as Cognitive Behavioral psychology or Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) differs from the orientation of Behaviorism in that it focuses on the mental processes, perceptions, and interpretations of the mind, as well as how information is retrieved. Cognitive Theorists believe emotions are triggered by thoughts and beliefs. It is in this mindset that Cognitive Behavioral psychotherapy was developed as a type of â€Å"talk therapy† which is clinically proven to be more effective than medication for treating insomnia, depression and several other psychological issues. One of the most notable Cognitive Behavioral theorists of modern day psychology is Dr, Albert Ellis. I focus on Albert Ellis and his theoretical applications because of their similarities to the foundations of Buddhist psychology. Albert Ellis founded Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT). Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy can be viewed as a philosophy of living, as well as a form of psychotherapy. Dr. Ellis also believed that unhappiness could be alleviated by learning to identify 4 types of irrational thinking and  cultivating â€Å"Universal Self-Acceptance† ( USA ) which overlaps Buddhisms â€Å"three marks of existence† ( annicca, anatta, dukha ) (Tsering, 2006). Dr. Ellis believed that â€Å"self-esteem† was an irrational and harmful concept for reasons similarly found in Buddhism. Many psychologists believe that self-esteem issues help or exacerbate most mental health issues. Dr. Ellis advocated replacing the concept of â€Å"self-esteem† with â€Å"Universal Self-Acceptance† (USA) (M.G.T. Kwee, 2006) Rational-emotive behavior therapy, or REBT, can perhaps be summarized by understanding the A-B-C model for psychotherapy. (Ellis, 1994) REBT says that the most commo n mistake people make is in assuming that adversity (A) is responsible, or causes, emotional consequences (C). For example, one might believe that doing poorly on a project at work (the adversity, or A) is what causes them severe anxiety and stress (the consequence, or C). The REBT therapist, however, argues that it is not the adversity (A) which causes the anxiety and stress (C), but rather it is the individuals perceptiontheir unrealistic and over generalized beliefs (B) about the adversity that causes the anxiety and stress. It was not that a person did poorly on the project, but rather her belief that she must do well on everything she does. This unrealistic belief that she must do well all the time led her to tell herself how awful it was that she did not do well. Thus, it was her perception that she did not do what must be done, and that it is awful that she did not do what must be done, that resulted in her feelings of stress and anxiety. While most people believe that A=C, the REBT therapist shows them that, in reality, A x B = C. If the therapist can adjust the clients thinking by ma king her realize that she doesnt always have to do well, or that its not really that awful that she didnt do as well as she would have liked, then her feelings of anxiety and stress may be lessened. (Ellis,1994) As a cognitive-behavioral mode of treatment REBT postulates that emotional and psychological disorders are largely the result of thinking irrationally, dysfunctionally, negatively, absolutely, or illogically. Furthermore, REBT theorizes that rational and irrational thoughts are incompatible. (Tsering, 2006) Humans are able to get rid of most of their emotional and mental unhappiness, inefficacy, or disturbance if they learn to maximize rational and minimize irrational ideation REBT holds that sustained negative feelings, such as intense depression, anxiety, anger, and guilt, are almost  always unnecessary to human living. (Ellis, 1994) After researching different aspects of Buddhist psychology it is my opinion that Dr. Ellis’ (REBT ) transcends multi-cultural borders and values. I find this approach to psychotherapy to be very beneficial and important in American psychology which historically has failed in many aspects to encompass other cultures and ideological approaches i n psychotherapies and treatments. Many similarities also exist between the ways that Taoism, Zen Buddhism, and the self-actualization theories of Rogers and Maslow. Both Maslow and Rogers described the self-actualizing person as one who has personal autonomy and who is free to make choices. The actions of the self-actualizing person are not determined solely by the physical and social environment, because a person has access to personal resources that are, in turn, growth promoting. According to Maslow (Maslow, 1968) ) the self-actualizing person does not avoid facing or acting on feelings or thoughts that are experienced. The self-actualized person of Maslow, Rogers, Zen Buddhism, and Lao Tzu feels a kinship with all human beings. These people care about others with a caring that is gentle and not moralistic. The humanistic approach of the third historical force in psychology reflects the self –actualization ideologies put forth in Buddhism and Taoism and suggested by Maslow and Rogers. Carl Rogers, created client-centered therapy, and designated unconditional positive regard (UPR) as one of the three conditions were necessary for positive change, along with empathy and genuineness (congruence). According to the Rogerss theory, mental illness is often caused by the absence of love or by a defective kind of love that the client received as a child. By showing the client unconditional positive regard and acceptance, the therapist is providing the best poss ible conditions for personal growth to the client. (Campbell, 1985) One regards ‘each aspect of the client’s experience as being part of that client . (Bozarth, 2001) While all four of the historical forces have contributed to the development of American psychology and psychological theories, I believe it is the cognitive behavorial and existentialistic ideologies such as the theories of Ellis’ (REBT) and Rogers’(UPR) that have had the greatest impact on psychotherapy and its multi-cultural applications . I can honestly say that my views and opinions have been changed by the knowledge I have gained from the History and Systems class also known as psychology 308. From a cultural perspective  I have always felt I belonged to two different worlds. I was born in Kentucky and raised in a very conservative , narrow-minded community. The predominant school of thought was very racist. My ethnic heritage is Scotch-Irish and I was taught as a child to have a dislike for those who were not like me. Imagine, if you will, the conflict I felt as a child who played with dolls, hated baseball, and had an attraction to members of my sex. Researchin g the different theoritical orientations in psychology has been an extremely enlightening experience. While I do not profess to be of any religious or spiritual mindset, I have developed an interest in the Buddhist approach of self-acceptance to life. I am almost 46 years old and I have made my share of mistakes along the way. Self acceptance has always been something I have struggled with. Dr. Ellis’ REBT and Buddhist psychological approaches have given me the tools to take a greater look at myself and to be okay with what I see. I intend to be an advocate for those people like myself who have felt cheated by the cultural values or norms put forth by American psychological culture. Times may be changing, but in my opinion not fast enough. As we move to a more culturally diverse nation I hope that the plight of gay, lesbian, and transgendered persons will be considered in the greater development of multi-cultural psychology. Brook, J. S., Whiteman, M. (2008). Onset of adolescent drinking: a longitudinal study of intrapersonal and interpersonal antecedents. Bibliography Bozarth, J. (2001). Unconditional Positive Regard (Rogers Therapeutic Conditions Evolution Theory Practice. Pccs Books. Campbell, P. A. (1985). Bio-spirituality: focusing as a way to grow. Loyola University Press. Ellis, A. (1994). Reason and Emotion in Psychotherapy . Birch Lane . Hanh, T. N. (1999). The Heart of the Buddhas Teaching:Transforming Suffering into Peace, Joy, and Liberation . Broadway Books. M.G.T. Kwee, K. G. (2006). Horizons in Buddhist Psychology: Practice, Research Theory,. Chagrin Falls : Taos Institute Publications. maslow, A. (1968). Toward a Psychology of Being. New York: Princeton. Tsering, G. T. ( 2006). Buddhist Psychology: The Foundation of Buddhist Thought.